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Taira, T., Takeda, N., Itoh, K., Oikawa, A. and Hori, T. (2003) Phrenic nerve stimulation for diaphragm pacing with a spinal cord stimulator. Elsevier, 59, 128-132.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: An implantable electrical stimulator for phrenic nerve stimulation

  AUTHORS: Shima Sardarzadeh, Mohammad Pooyan

  KEYWORDS: Phrenic Nerve Pacing; Current Generator; Blocking Capacitor; Output Stage

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Vol.5 No.3, March 27, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Phrenic nerve stimulation is a technique whereby a nerve stimulator provides electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve to cause diaphragmatic contraction in patients with respiratory failure due to cervical spinal cord injury. This paper presents an eigth-channel stimulator circuit with an output stage (electrode driving circuit) that doesn’t need off-chip blocking-capacitors and is used for phrenic nerve stimulation. This stimulator circuit utilizes only 1 output stage for 8 channels. The proposed current generator circuit in this stimulator reducing to a single step the translation of the digital input bits into the stimulus current, thus minimizing silicon area and power consumption. An 8 bit implementation is utilized for this current generator circuit. The average pulse width for this eight- channel stimulator with 1 mA current, 20 Hz frequency and 8 bits resolution, is 150 - 300 μs. The average power consumption for a single-channel stimulation is 38 mW from a 1.2 V power supply. This implantable stimulator system was simulated in HSPICE using 90 nm CMOS technology.