TITLE:
Optimizing Rainwater Harvesting Pond Locations in a Semi-Arid Region: A Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Hammad Basin, Northeastern Jordan
AUTHORS:
Mohannad Alhaj-Yaseen, Hanan Abdel-Rahman, Elias Salameh
KEYWORDS:
Rainwater Harvesting, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Semi-Arid Region, Hadalat Dam Watershed, Sustainability
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection,
Vol.13 No.12,
December
11,
2025
ABSTRACT: This study aims to identify optimal locations for the construction of rainwater harvesting ponds in the Hadalat Dam watershed, Jordan, using a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) model. The model integrates various geospatial and climatic factors, including topography, soil, hydrology, climate, land cover, and livestock distribution. The results indicate that the study area exhibits a high potential for rainwater harvesting due to its low soil moisture, high evapotranspiration rates, and limited surface water resources. The Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis model identified 52 potentially suitable locations for new ponds, focusing on areas with high suitability indices, adequate drainage, and favorable topographic conditions. Implementing these proposed ponds can contribute to improved water security, rangeland management, and livelihood support in the region.