TITLE:
Successful Application of the Sperm Tail Flexibility Test for Immotile but Viable Sperm from a Cryopreserved Retrograde Ejaculate
AUTHORS:
Khaliq Ahmad, Samuel Prien, Lindsay Penrose, Bo Suh
KEYWORDS:
ICSI, Retrograde, Sperm Tail Flexibility Test
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Reproductive Sciences,
Vol.14 No.1,
December
9,
2025
ABSTRACT: The use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become the mainstay of oocyte fertilization for assisted reproduction. However, the traditional technique requires a motile sperm population for sperm selection. Occasionally, the embryologist is faced with entirely nonmotile sperm populations with no alternative but to use nonmotile cells for injection. The following report describes a successful application of the sperm flexibility test for viable sperm selection from a non-motile population.