TITLE:
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in the Sub-Saharan Tropical Environment: Clinical, Paraclinical and Therapeutic Aspects in the Cardiology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital
AUTHORS:
Ibrahima Sory Barry, Elhadj Yaya Baldé, Ousmane Mamadama Camara, Abdoulaye Camara, Diarra Koivogui, Salematou Diallo, Fatoumata Binta Keita, Francis Kpoulomou, Mamadou Saidou Keita, Mohamed Mansaré, Mamadou Dadhi Baldé
KEYWORDS:
DCM Idiopathic, Ignace Deen, Guinea
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.15 No.12,
December
8,
2025
ABSTRACT: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is currently defined as the presence of left or bi-ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction in the absence of abnormal load conditions (hypertension, valve disease) or coronary heart disease sufficient to cause overall systolic failure [1]. The objective of this study was to contribute to the study of knowledge on DCM in the cardiology department of the national hospital Ignace Deen. Methods: It was a descriptive retrospective study lasting 12 months conducted in the cardiology department of the CHU Ignace Deen in Conakry. We included all records of inpatients in the cardiology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital during the study period for a DCM meeting the following criteria: • Absence of history of hypertension, valvular disease, coronary artery disease; • Presence of a left ventricular dilation with LV EDV > 56 mm or EDV of LV > 27 mm/m2; • Impairment of systolic function with reduced or moderately reduced LVEF; • Absence of segmental kinetic disorders. Our data were: epidemiological; clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic and were collected via a dedicated form. The data collected on a survey form were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software and entered into Microsoft Word 2016. Confidentiality has been paramount and of rigor. Results: Out of 955 patients admitted during the study period, 88 had DCM, corresponding to a hospital prevalence of 9.21%. The majority of patients were men (37.5%) with a sex ratio of H/F of 1.6, and the age groups most affected were those aged 54 - 65 years (63.63%) and 66 - 77 years (13.63%), with an average age of 52.5 ± 18.5 years. The functional signs were dominated by NYHA class III and IV dyspnea with frequencies of 64.77% and 28.4%, respectively. Regarding the result of the cardiac Doppler ultrasound, the left ventricle was dilated in all our patients (100%) and an alteration of the systolic function of the LV in 51.13%. The medical treatment included a loop diuretic in 97.72% of cases, an IEC/ARB II in 50% of cases, a beta-blocker in 40.90% of cases and 50% for spironolactone. Only 9 patients, 10.22% and 7 (7.95%) benefited from gliflozins and Saccubitril-Valsartan, respectively. Conclusion: DCM is a common condition, and represents one of the main causes of heart failure. It affects both sexes, with a male predominance. Under medical treatment, the outcome is most often favorable. However, it is responsible for a significant mortality.