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Vineyard, D., Ingwersen, W.W., Hawkins, T.R., Xue, X., Demeke, B. and Shuster, W. (2015) Comparing Green and Grey Infrastructure Using Life Cycle Cost and Environmental Impact: A Rain Garden Case Study in Cincinnati, OH. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 51, 1342-1360.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12320

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Nature-Based Solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction: Sponge Cities Increase Resilience, Reduce Risks, and Lower the Costs of Floods

  AUTHORS: Joel Thomas

  KEYWORDS: Climate Adaptation, Disaster Risk Reduction, Flood, Green Infrastructure, Resilience, Sponge City, Stormwater, Sustainability, Urban Planning

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.17 No.11, November 25, 2025

  ABSTRACT: Recent catastrophic flooding events across the globe have starkly highlighted the vulnerability of urban centers designed around 20th-century climate norms. As hydro-meteorological hazards intensify globally, China’s large-scale investment in nature-based urban design offers a critical case study in cost-saving long-term resilience. This article examines the value proposition of the Sponge City concept, a paradigm shift in urban water management pioneered by Dr. Kongjian Yu and implemented across China, as a strategic response to increasing climate volatility. We evaluate and compare the economic, social, and environmental costs and savings of the integrated Green Infrastructure-Sponge City approach vs. the conventional Grey Infrastructure approach to sustainable urban adaptation, providing a framework for decision-making.