TITLE:
Etiology, Prediction, and Frequency of Hemorrhagic Shock in the Intensive Care Unit
AUTHORS:
Koffi Loes, Ahouangansi Sêtondji Emmanuel, Kouakou Cédric Marcel Yao, Konan Innocent Patrick, Gnemagnon Mahi Constant Éric, Broh N’Guessan Yve Constant, Tano Guillaume, Achio Donald, Goré Yve Landry, Kouadio François, Ayé Yikpé Denis
KEYWORDS:
Hemorrhagic Shock, Intensive Care, Etiology
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pathology,
Vol.16 No.1,
November
18,
2025
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Acute hemorrhage remains a major cause of mortality, particularly in trauma, postpartum, anesthesia, and intensive care. In Africa, data are limited, especially outside the obstetric context. The absence of a national algorithm justifies this study, which aims to evaluate the prevalence, etiology, and prognosis of hemorrhagic shock at the Angré University Hospital. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted from January 2020 to December 2021 at Angré University Hospital, including all patients admitted to intensive care for hemorrhagic shock. Results: Of the 457 patients admitted to intensive care during the study period, 100 had hemorrhage, including 72 cases of hemorrhagic shock. The mean age was 34.31 ± 14.5 years. The male-to-female ratio was 0.18. The majority of patients came from the operating room (79.2%) and 15.3% had sickle cell disease. Hemodynamic instability, particularly hypotension (72.2%), was the main reason for admission. Surgical conditions accounted for 94.4%, and approximately 75% were transferred from another department. The mean systolic blood pressure was 80.37 ± 16.01 mmHg, and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 47.87 ± 11.44 mmHg. The mean heart rate was 118.83 ± 27.04 bpm, with a mean shock index of 1.4. A Glasgow score ≤ 8 (35%) was noted. Biological abnormalities included hyperlactatemia (69.4%), low PT (40.6%), acidosis (38.8%), and hemoglobin Conclusion: Hemorrhagic shock, which is common in intensive care, affects a young, predominantly female population with high mortality, requiring early and multidisciplinary standardization of care.