TITLE:
Determinants of Online Freelancer Income in C2B E-Commerce: In the Perspective of Upwork
AUTHORS:
Muhammad Ataur Rahman, Mohammad Masudur Rahman
KEYWORDS:
Freelancer, C2B, E-Commerce, Income, Upwork, Crowdsourcing
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.12 No.10,
October
15,
2025
ABSTRACT: Online job markets are preferred by skilled workers around the world as traditional job markets are shrinking because of technology. C2B e-commerce is connected to this online job market where online workers or freelancers earn money according to their work. This paper empirically investigated the contributing factors that affect the level of earnings of freelancers on the Upwork platform. Moreover, this study has taken six parameters to assess the income level of a freelancer. A total of 397 samples were taken from the Upwork platform for the calculation of the OLS regression method. The results of this study revealed that experience, skills, and a few areas of work are significantly important when a freelancer earns from the crowdsourcing platform or C2B e-commerce platform, whereas gender, education, and performance review are not significant.