TITLE:
Impact of Indoor Residual Spraying with Bendiocarb (FICAM WP 80) on Entomological Indicators of Malaria Transmission in Senegal
AUTHORS:
Cheikh Lo, Assane Ndiaye, Abdoulaye Diop, Lassana Konate, Ousmane Faye, El Hadji Amadou Niang, Ibrahima Dia
KEYWORDS:
Indoor Residual Spraying, Bendiocarb, An. gambiae s.l., Malaria Transmission
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Entomology,
Vol.13 No.4,
October
13,
2025
ABSTRACT: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticides is a key vector control strategy for malaria prevention. We assessed the impact of IRS using the carbamate bendiocarb (FICAM 80), on entomological of malaria transmission in intervention areas in Senegal between 2012 to 2014. Three treated districts were selected and compared to their untreated control districts. Entomological monitoring was conducted through pyrethrum spray catches (PSC) and human landing collection (HLC) after IRS. Over the study period, a total of 6,224 females Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by HLC and PSC. Five Anopheles species were identified, with An. gambiae s.l. being the predominant malaria vector (97.7%). Across the 2012, 2013 and 2014 IRS campaigns, indoor resting densities (IRD) were consistently higher in control districts compared to treated ones. Biting rates were significantly higher in Kaffrine than to Koungheul during the fifth month of follow-up in 2012 and at the beginning of follow-up in July 2013. In 2012, parity rates decreased significantly treated districts compared with controls during the second and third months of follow-up. Blood meals analysis indicated that most meals were taken on horses or on humans. Anthropophilic rates declined in treated districts compared with controls, with no statistical significant difference. IRS with bendiocarb significantly reduced key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Senegal. Treated areas exhibited a marked decrease in biting rates and a sharp reduction in infection risk, largely due to lower parity rate in An. gambiae s.l. females, as well as reductions in resting and biting densities induced by bendiocarb.