TITLE:
Characterization of Lineaments by Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case of Soa Municipality
AUTHORS:
Jean Marcel, Sanda Oumarou, Simon Junior Bikei, Abdou Nasser Ngouh, Jean Marcel Abate Essi, Janvier Kana Domra
KEYWORDS:
Remote Sensing, Aquifer, Fracture, Lineaments
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Geology,
Vol.15 No.9,
September
28,
2025
ABSTRACT: Soa is a town located in the Mefou and Afamba division of the center region of Cameroon. This locality belongs to the Yaoundé series, which is one of the metamorphic formations of the Pan-African chain. The characterization of lineaments is an important approach in the prospecting of groundwater. With the understanding of the state of fracturing of the sub-surface in the basement zone, an approach was proposed in order to map the fractures of the cracked part of the Soa municipality, thanks to remote sensing and the geographic information system (GIS). After acquisition of the Landsat image (scenes LC09_L2SP_185057) on December 22, 2021, the image will be subject to different operations, which include: pre-processing, processing in order to visualize the image, to improve it and above all to enhance the structures targeted by this study (lineaments). The lineaments observed will be extracted manually according to four directions, which are in fact the directions of the SOBEL 7X7 filter used during the processing of the image. After assembly of all the extracted lineaments, the lineament map is obtained. The validation process carried out thereafter is to grant these lineaments a geological nature, which will lead to the fracturing map. This map has 803 fractures, hence the size is between 0.09 km and 5.55 km oriented according to three preferential directions ENE-WSW, ESE-WNW and SE-NW. The establishment of the water potential map of the study area by densifying the fracture network will allow us to have an overview of the groundwater resource of each locality of the municipality. This is how localities like Soa and Nkolfoulou I have low supply of groundwater, while the localities of Akak and Ebogo II are rich.