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Ng, C., Le, T.H., Goh, S.G., Liang, L., Kim, Y., Rose, J.B. and Gin, K.Y. (2010) Investigating the Decay Rates of Escherichia coli Relative to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella Typhi in Tropical Coastal Waters. Water Research, 44, 4662-4672.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Modelling Typhoid Fever Transmission in the Far North of Cameroon: Simulation-Based Risk Analysis and Environmental Impact

  AUTHORS: Kikmo Wilba Christophe, Gnassiri Simon, Sone Enone Bertin, Batambock Samuel, Abanda Andre

  KEYWORDS: Typhoid Fever, Compartmental Model, Water Transmission, Control Strategies

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Vol.13 No.9, September 19, 2025

  ABSTRACT: A comprehensive mathematical framework modelling transmission dynamics of typhoid fever exists for Far North Cameroon where unsanitary conditions significantly exacerbate Salmonella Typhi spread rapidly. Analysis incorporates a deterministic model rooted in ordinary differential equations and a stochastic methodology factoring in uncertainties somewhat randomly. Dual modelling strategy highlights dominant role of water-related factors and climatic variables in shaping epidemic trajectory quite significantly over time. Seasonal disease pattern exhibits two pronounced incidence peaks in April-May and July-August corresponding respectively to drinking water scarcity periods and increased surface runoff facilitating pathogen dissemination. Advanced Bayesian techniques particularly Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm and variational inference enable estimation of key epidemiological parameters accurately with Markov processes. Analysis reveals that the basic reproduction number exceeds epidemic threshold during critical periods remarkably often under certain conditions. Simulations of multiple scenarios pretty effectively demonstrate efficacy of targeted control measures like vaccination programs and public awareness crusades nationwide. Such interventions drastically curtail transmission rates and stabilise epidemic trends somewhat effectively meanwhile. Findings contribute valuable insights into epidemiological dynamics of typhoid fever amidst climate variability and offer a robust foundation for public health risk management strategies. Strategic integration of real-time epidemiological data and water-quality surveillance systems holds great promise for enhancing sustainable control of this nasty waterborne disease.