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M. El Khwad, V. Pandey, B. Stetzer, B. M. Mercer, D. Kumar, R. M. Moore, R. W. Fox, J. M. Mansour and J. J. Moore, “Fetal Membranes from Term Vaginal Deliveries Have a Zone of Weakness Exhibiting Characteristics of Apoptosis and Modeling,” Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 13, No. 3, 2006, pp. 191-195. doi:10.1016/j.jsgi.2005.12.010

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Increased Apoptosis in Chorionic Trophoblasts of Human Fetal Membranes with Labor at Term

  AUTHORS: Hassan M. Harirah, Mostafa A. Borahay, Wahidu Zaman, Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Ibrahim G. Hager, Gary D. V. Hankins

  KEYWORDS: Apoptosis; Membranes; Chorion; Trophoblasts; Labor

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.3 No.2, March 16, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine the association of apoptosis in the layers of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site with labor at term. Study Design: Fetal membranes were collected from elective cesarean sections (n = 8) and spontaneous vaginal deliveries (n = 8) at term. The extent of apoptosis within fetal membrane layers was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxy-UTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and western blots for pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Results: Apoptotic index in chorionic trophoblasts of membranes distal to rupture site obtained after vaginal delivery was 3-fold higher than those obtained from elective cesarean (11.57% ± 4.98% and 4.05% ± 2.4% respectively; p = 0.012). The choriodecidua layers after vaginal deliveries had higher expression of the pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and less expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 than those obtained from elective cesarean sections. Conclusions: Labor at term is associated with increased apoptosis in chorionic trophoblast cells of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site.