TITLE:
Natural Convective Nanofluid Flow over a Vertical Plate with Thermal Stratification
AUTHORS:
Md Ziarul Islam, Abdullah Ahmed Foisal, Afsana Shila
KEYWORDS:
Free Convection, Nanofluid, Thermal Stratification, Brownian Motion, Thermophoresis
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics,
Vol.13 No.8,
August
21,
2025
ABSTRACT: Natural convective flow of nanofluid over a vertical plate in a thermally stratified porous medium has been investigated. The governing equations have been transformed using similarity variables and solved numerically using the Finite Element Method. Key parameters such as Brownian motion, thermophoresis, Darcy number, buoyancy ratio and Prandtl number have been examined. Velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration profiles have been analyzed. Heat transfer and shear stress have been evaluated using Nusselt number and wall shear. It has been observed that an increase in Brownian motion enhances heat transfer while reducing wall shear stress, whereas an increase in thermophoresis enhances both heat transfer and wall shear stress. Results have been presented graphically for clarity.