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Maxwell, J.C. (1878) Ether. In: Baynes, T.S., Ed., Encyclopædia Britannica 8, 9th Edition, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 568-572.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Physical Vacuum Is Dense in Matter

  AUTHORS: Youqi Wang

  KEYWORDS: Annihilation of Particles, Physical Vacuum, Hubble-Lemaître Correlation

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Modern Physics, Vol.16 No.8, August 8, 2025

  ABSTRACT: Analysis of annihilation process of electron and positron reveals the existence of residue particle as an end product of the annihilation. Such particle is neutral in electrics and gravitation and momentumless in kinematic motion but polarizable under any field of any nonzero strength. In physical vacuum comprised of such particles, number density of the particles is estimated up to 5 × 1019 kilomoles per cubic meter. Propagation of electromagnetic wave in such vacuum is along transverse direction of electric fields of the electromagnetic wave and shall accrue energy loss in association with such propagation.