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Markopoulou, F. (2002). The Internal Description of a Causal Set: What the Universe Looks Like from the Inside. Communications in Mathematical Physics, 230, 519-548.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Conciliating Mulla Sadra’s Essential Movement and Existential Gradation with Presentist-Fragmentalism Causal Sets

  AUTHORS: Hassan H. Mohammed

  KEYWORDS: Mulla Sadra, Essential Movement, Existential Gradation, Presentist-Fragmentalism, Causal Set Theory, Causal Fecundity

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Philosophy, Vol.15 No.3, August 6, 2025

  ABSTRACT: This article explores a novel conciliation between Mulla Sadra’s philosophy of Essential Movement (al-haraka al-jawhariyya) and Existential Gradation (tashkik al-wujud) and the Presentist-Fragmentalist (PF) understanding of time within Causal Set Theory (CST). We argue that the apparent tension between Sadra’s view of time as a qualitative aspect of existential intensity and CST’s discrete accumulation of events can be resolved. We propose that the “accumulation of events” in a growing causal set is the very mechanism by which qualitative changes in existential intensity are instantiated. A simple mathematical mapping, based on the causal fecundity of the “now”, is introduced as an interpretive tool to illustrate how the discrete growth of reality in CST can reflect the hierarchical actualization of existence in Sadra’s metaphysics. This interdisciplinary approach offers new perspectives on the nature of time, being, and cosmic evolution.