TITLE:
Prevalence of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in ICU Gabriel Toure University Hospital
AUTHORS:
Thierno Madane Diop, Moustapha Issa Mangane, Abdoul Hamidou Almeimoune, Kevin Loic Tchuenkam, Fadima Koureïssy Tall, Andre Kassogue, Alfousseïni Soumare, Dramane Sanogo, Amadou Gamby, Adama Coulibaly, Kassoum Ouattara, Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko, Mahamadoun Coulibaly, Baba Fane, Alhassane Ba, Aladji Seidou Dembele, Mahamane Djibo Diango
KEYWORDS:
Venous Thromboembolic Disease, ICU, Gabriel Touré University Hospital, Mali
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.15 No.4,
April
24,
2025
ABSTRACT: Summary: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are two entities of venous thromboembolism (VTE) whose incidence is difficult to assess. Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the prevalence of venous thromboembolism. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective collection, over 12 months from May 1, 2023 to April 30, 2024. Results: We admitted 627 patients including 6 cases of VTE, with a prevalence of 096%. The average age was 49.67 ± 17.58 years with extremes of 30 to 71 years, the sex ratio 0.2, and housewives represented 33.3%. The transient risk factors (FDR) were prolonged immobilization ≥ 05 days (05 cases) 83.3%, major surgery (01 case) 16.7%, spinal cord trauma (01 case) 16.7%, central venous catheter (04 cases) 66.6%; the permanent risk factors (FDR) were obesity (04 cases) 66.6%, age (3 cases) 50%, high blood pressure (hypertension) (3 cases) 50%, cancer (01 case) 16.7%. The main clinical signs were dyspnea (100%), tachycardia (33.3%), chest pain (33.3%), and Homans sign with increased local heat (01 cases) 16.7%. The diagnoses retained were PE (04 cases) 83.3%, PE + DVT (01 case) 16.7% and DVT (01 case) 16.7%. All patients were placed on oxygen therapy, (02 cases) intubated and ventilated, (02 cases) High Flow Oxygenation, (02 cases) on amines such as dobutamine + norepinephrine and norepinephrine alone (83.3%) of patients were placed on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and 16.7% on low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). The average length of stay was 7.3 ± 3.33 days with extremes of 4 to 13 days and the lethality of (03 cases) 50% of which (02 cases) had sPESI ≥ 2. Conclusion: The diagnosis and management of VTE remains difficult and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality.