TITLE:
Revolutionizing Groundwater Suitability with AI-Driven Spatial Decision Support—A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach for Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India
AUTHORS:
Mallula Srinivasa Rao, Gara Raja Rao, Gurram Murali Krishna, Kinthada Nooka Ratnam
KEYWORDS:
Groundwater Suitability, Geospatial Analysis, Geospatial Modeling of Water Quality, Spatial Decision Support System, Remote Sensing, Machine Learning, Visakhapatnam District
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geographic Information System,
Vol.17 No.1,
January
20,
2025
ABSTRACT: This study presents an AI-driven Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) aimed at transforming groundwater suitability assessments for domestic and irrigation uses in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. By employing advanced remote sensing, GIS, and machine learning techniques, groundwater quality data from 50 monitoring wells, sourced from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), was meticulously analysed. Key parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and major ion concentrations, were evaluated against World Health Organization (WHO) standards to determine domestic suitability. For irrigation, advanced metrics such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Kelly’s Ratio, Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), and percentage sodium (% Na) were utilized to assess water quality. The integration of GIS for spatial mapping and AI models for predictive analytics allows for a comprehensive visualization of groundwater quality distribution across the district. Additionally, the irrigation water quality was evaluated using the USA Salinity Laboratory diagram, providing essential insights for effective agricultural water management. This innovative SDSS framework promises to significantly enhance groundwater resource management, fostering sustainable practices for both domestic use and agriculture in the region.