TITLE:
Surveillance of High-Risk Type-16 and 18 Human Papillomavirus among HIV Positive and Non-Positive Individuals at Federal Teaching Hospital Ebonyi State Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Euslar Nnenna Onu, Donatus Chukwuma Ilang, Cornelius Ituma Azi, Theophilus Onwe Eze, Chinedu Obasi Akpa, Okechukwu Emmanuel Ogbonna, Samuel Eleojo Agada, Michael Chinedu Onwe
KEYWORDS:
Human Papillomavirus, Mortality, Antibodies, Primers, Cervix, Cancer
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.14 No.12,
December
31,
2024
ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of high risk human papillomavirus type-16 and type-18 among people living with HIV and individuals who are seronegative to HIV infection. A total of 400 Blood samples were collected from 200 persons living with HIV and 200 negative volunteers were analysed using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay test. The positive samples were subjected to further tests using a Polymerase chain reaction with specific primers for human papillomavirus type-16 and type-18. Using the ELISA test, Human papillomavirus antibodies were detected in 180 (45%) of the samples, out of which 19 (10.6%) and 17 (9.4%) were positive using PCR with human papillomavirus type-16 and type-18 primers respectively. Furthermore, using the ELISA test, Human papillomavirus antibodies were highest among people living with HIV, age group 51 - 60 years 85 (47.2%), hotelier 73 (64.6%) and those living in the Urban 147 (47%). Traders were also found to have high level of human papillomavirus antibodies 41 (50.6%), while out of the 231 (57.7%) of the individuals that are married, 106 (45.9%) of them had human papillomavirus antibodies. Using PCR with HPV type-16 and HPV type-18 specific primers, the infection was found to be highest among individuals between 51 - 60 years with HPV type-16 being 69 (81.2%) while HPV type-18 was highest among the age group 41 - 50 having 11 (20%). This work shows that there is a need to include human papillomavirus screening as one of the vital tests since early detection of the presence of the virus helps in the reduction of the female mortality rate due to cervical cancer.