TITLE:
Urinary Infection during Pregnancy: Case-Control Study in the Maternity Wards of the Teaching Hospitals of Yaoundé Cameroon
AUTHORS:
Henri Essome, Moustapha Bilkissou, Fulbert Mangala Nkwele, Aurel Mbog Wetjeng, Ingrid Doriane Ofakem Ilick, Astrid Ndolo Kondo, Merlin Boten Bounyom, Michel Roger Ekono, Alphonse Ngalame Nyong, Robert Tchounzou, Junie Ngaha Yaneu, Marga Vanina Ngono Akam, Gervais Mounchikpou Ngouhouo, Grâce Tocki Toutou, Théophile Nana Njamen, Valère Mve Koh
KEYWORDS:
Associated Factors, Acute Pyelonephritis, Pregnancy, Yaoundé
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.14 No.11,
November
27,
2024
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy (APN) is a bacterial infection of the upper urinary tract (pyelitis) and renal parenchyma (nephritis), complicating or associated with an infection of the lower urinary tract. Objective: Study the clinical and para-clinical profile linked to their occurrence of APN during pregnancy in the city of Yaoundé. Methodology: This was a case-control analytical study lasting 07 months with retrospective data collection and covering a period of six years from January 2015 to December 2020 in 03 teaching hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. The data was recorded on a pre-tested technical sheet. We recruited the files of pregnant women in whom a urinary infection had been diagnosed using urine culture. The cases were the files of pregnant women with signs of APN and the controls were the files of pregnant women without signs of APN. The matching criteria were: recruitment site, age and term of pregnancy. Incomplete files were excluded. Statistical analyzes were carried out with Epi-Info 7 and Excel 2016 software. Statistical significance was set at a P value Results: We recruited: 55 cases and 110 controls. The factors associated with the occurrence of APN in pregnancy after logistic regression were: free union (OR: 2.19; P = 0.030), sexual intercourse during pregnancy (OR: 4.47; P = 0.001), positive HIV serology (OR: 5.52; P = 0.001), pre-gestational diabetes (OR: 10.9; P = 0.02) and a history of urinary infection during pregnancy (OR: 11.86; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy is an uncommon but serious pathology. Its risk factors in our context are free union, sexual intercourse during pregnancy, positive HIV serology, pre-gestational diabetes, and a history of urinary infection during pregnancy.