TITLE:
How to Predict the Temperature of the CMB Directly Using the Hubble Parameter and the Planck Scale Using the Stefan-Boltzmann Law
AUTHORS:
Espen Gaarder Haug, Stéphane Wojnow
KEYWORDS:
CMB Temperature, Hubble Parameter, Stefan-Boltzmann Law, Planck Scale
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics,
Vol.12 No.10,
October
30,
2024
ABSTRACT: Based on recent progress in quantum gravity and quantum cosmology, we are also presenting a way to estimate the temperature in the cosmos, the Hubble sphere, from a relation between the Planck temperature and the Hubble scale. Our analysis predicts the Hubble sphere temperature of 2.72 K with the one standard deviation confidence interval between 2.65 K and 2.80 K, which corresponds well with the measured temperature observed from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) of about 2.72 K. This adds evidence that there is a close connection between the Planck scale, gravity, and the cosmological scales as anticipated by Eddington already in 1918.1