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D. W. Dockery, C. A. Pope, X. P. Xu, J. D. Spengler, J. H. Ware, M. E. Fay, B. G. Ferris and F. E. Speizer, “An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six US Cities,” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 329, No. 24, 1993, pp. 1753-1759. doi:10.1056/NEJM199312093292401

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• TITLE: Applying SEM-EDX and XRD Techniques to Demonstrate the Overgrowth of Atmospheric Soot and Its Coalescence with Crystal Silicate Particles in Delhi

  AUTHORS: Arun Srivastava, Vinod K. Jain

  KEYWORDS: Scanning Electron Microscope; Energy Dispersive X-Ray; Soot; Aerosols; Overgrowth; Delhi

  JOURNAL NAME: Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Vol.2 No.1, January 19, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) systems were used to demonstrate the overgrowth of soot to fractal like structure and its subsequent coalescence with crystal shaped silicate particles. Sample was obtained from a very clean area of Delhi at a height of 16 m from ground with the help of a five stage cascade impactor in the winters of 2006. Impactor collects particles in five different size ranges (i.e. ≥10.9, 10.9 - 5.4, 5.4 - 1.6, 1.6 - 0.7 and ≤0.7 μm). In the present investigation only the particles collected in the size range 1.6 - 0.7 μm (D50 = 0.980 μm) have been considered. It has clearly been observed that the soot particles tend to grow or rather agglomerate in a fractal like structure. During this process they incorporate other chemically and structurally different particles (crystal silicate in the present investigation) to make multi phase and multi chemical amorphous aggregates. These aggregates are formed during/after its collection on the sampling substrate and may be as many as hundred times more than the expected size interval (D50 or cut off range).