TITLE:
Multiverse/Hyperverse Models: (4 + 1)-Dimensional Landscape (Black Saturns, Bousso-Hawking Nucleation, Gogberashvili Multiverses, Schwarzschild-De Sitter Nurseries) and a (3 + 1)-Dimensional Model for Dark Energy
AUTHORS:
Igor Yu. Potemine, Werner Krause
KEYWORDS:
5-Dimensional Gravity, Black Hole, Black Saturn, Cosmological Constant, Dark Energy, Multiverse, Spacetime Warping, Thin Shell
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology,
Vol.10 No.4,
October
25,
2024
ABSTRACT: We consider the Hyperverse as a collection of multiverses in a (4 + 1)-dimensional spacetime with gravitational constant
G
. Multiverses in our model are bouquets of thin shells (with synchronized intrinsic times). If
g
is the gravitational constant of a shell
S
and
ε
its thickness, then
G~εg
. The physical universe is supposed to be one of those thin shells inside the local bouquet called Local Multiverse. Other remarkable objects of the Hyperverse are supposed to be black holes, black lenses, black rings and (generalized) Black Saturns. In addition, Schwarzschild-de Sitter multiversal nurseries can be hidden inside those Black Saturns, leading to their Bousso-Hawking nucleation. It also suggests that black holes in our physical universe might harbor embedded (2 + 1)-dimensional multiverses. This is compatible with outstanding ideas and results of Bekenstein, Hawking-Vaz and Corda about “black holes as atoms” and the condensation of matter on “apparent horizons”. It allows us to formulate conjecture 12.1 about the origin of the Local Multiverse. As an alternative model, we examine spacetime warping of our universe by external universes. It gives data for the accelerated expansion and the cosmological constant Λ, which are in agreement with observation, thus opening a possibility for verification of the multiverse model.