TITLE:
Noninvasive Ventilation Interfaces in the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Insufficiency: A Critical Review
AUTHORS:
Andréa Nóbrega Cirino Nogueira, Chakira Torres Lima, Renata dos Santos Vasconcelos, Suzy Maria Montenegro Pontes, Arnaldo Aires Peixoto Junior, Renan Magalhães Montenegro Junior
KEYWORDS:
Noninvasive Ventilation, Respiratory Insufficiency, Respiration, Artificial, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Emergency Medicine,
Vol.12 No.3,
September
20,
2024
ABSTRACT: Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an important therapeutic modality for the treatment of acute respiratory failure (ARF). In this review, we critically analyze randomized controlled trials on the most used NIV interfaces in the treatments of ARF. Methods: The searches were conducted in the Medline, Lilacs, PubMed, Cochrane, and Pedro databases from June to November 2021. The inclusion criteria were Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published from 2016 to 2021 in Portuguese, Spanish, or English and involving adults (aged ≥ 18 years). The eligibility criteria for article selection were based on the PICO strategy: Population—Adults with ARF; Intervention—NIV Therapy; Comparison—Conventional oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy, or NIV; Outcome—improvement in ARF. The search for articles and the implementation of the inclusion criteria were independently conducted by two researchers. Results: Seven scientific articles involving 574 adults with ARF due to various causes, such as chest trauma, decompensated heart failure, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and postoperative period, among others, were included. The interfaces cited in the studies included an oronasal mask, nasal mask, full-face mask, and helmet. In addition, some favorable outcomes related to NIV were reported in the studies, such as a reduction in the rate of orotracheal intubation and shorter length of stay in the ICU. Conclusions: The most cited interfaces in the treatment of ARF were the oronasal mask and the helmet.