TITLE:
Simultaneous Analysis of the Impact of Vaccination and Compliance with Prevention Measures on the Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19
AUTHORS:
Abraham Sassou, Ezekiel Dangbé, Richard Guiem, Séraphin Djaoué, Irépran Damakoa, Antoine Perasso
KEYWORDS:
COVID-19, Vaccination, Prevention Measures, Basic Reproductive Number, Simulations
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.11 No.8,
August
26,
2024
ABSTRACT: The transmission dynamics of COVID-19 worldwide have not been controlled very effectively, and still represent a major threat to public health and even to sustainable global socio-economic development. A number of vaccines have been discovered and approved, and vaccination programs have been implemented in many countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and America. Some countries have even imposed a health pass to enter their country of residence. Other countries have opted to comply with prevention measures. Our study demonstrates and underlines the essential role of vaccination and respect for prevention measures during the spreading of this infection. Using a mathematical model with seven (07) compartments, which takes into account factors such as the prevention measures decreed by the World Health Organization and the vaccination coverage of the population studied, we have demonstrated the need for a given population to be vaccinated while scrupulously observing the so-called prevention measures. This model integrates the virus concentration in the environment studied and a compartment of vaccinated individuals. It highlights the effect of vaccination and prevention measures in controlling the coronavirus epidemic. These parameters enabled us to assess the impact on disease transmission. Indeed, after studying the biological feasibility of the model, we calculated the basic reproductive number R0 and showed that the disease disappears at
ℛ
0
<1
; is endemic at
ℛ
0
>1
. We also calculated other important parameters. We have also analyzed the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions, by establishing equilibrium conditions and the existence of endemic equilibrium points, and we performed numerical simulations to highlight the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions thanks to data collected by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control in 2019 as well as those used by Yang and Wang in 2020. In future studies, we will highlight the impact of vaccination, temperature and prevention measurements on a fractional model.