TITLE:
Chemical Composition of Pellonula leonensis Fish Oils from the Congo River Obtained by Soxhlet Extraction
AUTHORS:
Bob Wilfrid Loumouamou, Léa Béatrice Mambou, Gadet Michel Dzondo
KEYWORDS:
Pellonula leonensis, Fatty Acids, Sn-2 Position, Triacylglycerol, Phospholopids
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Applied Sciences,
Vol.14 No.8,
August
14,
2024
ABSTRACT: The chemical composition of Pellonula leonensis fish oils from the Congo River (at Boko city) was carried out. The fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. The Sn-2 position of fatty acids on glycerol was carried out by the ISO 6800 standard. The separation of the compounds (as free fatty acids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, sterols and methyl esters, etc.) was carried out by HPLC using gel permeation with refractometric detection. The phospholipid composition was by HPLC with an evaporative light scattering detector. We obtained oil contents of 32.10 (±0.46)%. The major fatty acids were Palmitic acid (27.41%) and oleic acid (24.23%). The SFA were of 44.50%. The MUFA represent 32.54% and PUFA 22.60%. Regarding the Sn-2 position on glycerol, 48.0% were by SFA and 51.3% were by unsaturated fatty acids. Among them 34.2% of fatty acids were 17.5% oleic acid molecules, 3.3% DHA molecules and 2.1% EPA molecules. Free fatty acids have contents of more than 62%, Diglycerides 16.63% and triglycerides 20.46%. Seven different phospholipids were identified, namely: Phosphatidylglycerol (PG), Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), Phosphatidylinositol (PI), Phosphatidylcholine (PC), Sphingomyelin (SM), Lyso Phosphatitdylcholine (LPC) and Lyso Phosphatidylethanolamine (LPE). According to the high levels in position 2 of the glycerol of palmitic acid, the consumption of Pellonula leonensis fish could be moderate.