TITLE:
Common Features and the Unique Role of Phosphorus in the Bioproducts ATP as Well as DNA and in Intumescent Flame Retardants
AUTHORS:
Heinrich Horacek
KEYWORDS:
Intumescent Flame Retardance, Thermogravimetry, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermomechanic Analysis, Self organization, Lattice Energy
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.11 No.7,
July
31,
2024
ABSTRACT: The natural product Adenosintriphosphate ATP and steel coatings comprise carbohydrate, amine and phosphoric acid. Both exert intumescence, but ATP produces more expanded volume than steel coating. The expansion is determined by Thermomechanical Analysis TMA, the amount of residue by Thermogravimetric Analysis TGA and the evolved or consumed heats by Differential Scanning Calorimetry DSC. Formulas of degradation allow the calculation of decomposition, char formation and expansion. A requirement for intumescence is the product CnHmHPO3 of degradation. Boric and Silicic acids, which also occur as meta acids, showed no capability of intumescence. Only phosphoric esters or amides exert intumescence. Amines are not essential for intumescence. Another common feature of the natural products ATP and DNA Desoxyribonucleic acid and of the amine salts Melamine Polyphosphate, Cyanurate and Barbiturate as well as Guanidinium Polyphosphate, Cyanurate and Sulfamate is self organization. DNA, which self organizes in a helix structure, is comparable with amine salts self organized in lattices. The energies of lattice are dependent on the strength of interaction, they are higher for ion-ion and lower for dipol-dipol arrangement.