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J. G. Bell, R. J. Henderson, D. R. Tocher, F. McGhee, J. R.Dick, A. Porter, R. P. Smullen and J. R. Sargent, “Substituting Fish Oil with Crude Palm Oil in the Diet of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Muscle Fatty Acid Composition and Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism,” Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 132, No. 2, 2002, pp. 222-230.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Approximate Compositional Values and Tissue Fatty Acid Profiles of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Fed Azolla-Diets in Earthen Ponds

  AUTHORS: Youssouf Abou, Emile Didier Fiogbé, Yves Beckers, Jean-Claude Micha

  KEYWORDS: Azolla Filiculoides, Fish Meal Replacement, Oreochromis Niloticus, Fatty Acid, Natural Food, Earthen Pond

  JOURNAL NAME: Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol.2 No.9, November 7, 2011

  ABSTRACT: The approximate general composition and the fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia fed Azolla-diets in ponds were studied for 90 days. Six isonitrogenous (29.2% CP) and isoenergetic (16.9 kJ·g>sup>-1) diets were formulated to contain 0% (A0), 10% (A10), 20% (A>sub>20), 30% (A30), 40% (A40) and 50% (A50) of Azolla meal (AM), as partial fish meal (FM) substitutes. Diet A0 without AM served as a control. Fish growth decreased as AM level exceeded 20% in diets (P 0.05). Crude lipid was significantly lower in fish fed A50 and significant differences were also found in crude ash (P 20, A30 and A50. High level of the fern reduces growth without negatively affecting fatty acid in fish. Fish PUFA, especially the (n - 3) fatty acids, are affected positively, even when fed 50% AM, which is good for the quality of the fish produced in regard to the benefits for the health of consumers.