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CMS Collaboration (2024) Extracting the Speed of Sound in the Strongly Interacting Matter Created in Ultrarelativistic Lead-Lead Collisions at the LHC. arXiv: 2401.06896.

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• TITLE: The Tension Cosmology, Largest Cosmic Structures and Explosions of Supernovae from SST

  AUTHORS: Sylwester Kornowski

  KEYWORDS: Scale-Symmetric Theory, Tension Cosmology, Coupling Constants, Parameters σ8 and S8, Largest Cosmic Structures, Dark Energy, Supernova Explosion, Cyclic Universe

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol.10 No.3, July 12, 2024

  ABSTRACT: Here, using the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) we explain the cosmological tension and the origin of the largest cosmic structures. We show that a change in value of strong coupling constant for cold baryonic matter leads to the disagreement in the galaxy clustering amplitude, quantified by the parameter S8. Within the same model we described the Hubble tension. We described also the mechanism that transforms the gravitational collapse into an explosion—it concerns the dynamics of virtual fields that lead to dark energy. Our calculations concern the Type Ia supernovae and the core-collapse supernovae. We calculated the quantized masses of the progenitors of supernovae, emitted total energy during explosion, and we calculated how much of the released energy was transferred to neutrinos. Value of the speed of sound in the strongly interacting matter measured at the LHC confirms that presented here model is correct. Our calculations show that the Universe is cyclic.