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Planck Collaboration, Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J.e.a. (2020) Planck Collaboration (2018) Planck 2018 Results. VI. Cosmological Parameters. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 641, 6.

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• TITLE: Cosmology without the Cosmological Principle and without Violating the Copernican Principle: Taub-NUT Universe

  AUTHORS: Charles H. McGruder III

  KEYWORDS: Cosmology, General Relativity

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Modern Physics, Vol.15 No.8, July 11, 2024

  ABSTRACT: We develop a theory of cosmology, which is not based on the cosmological principle. We achieve this without violating the Copernican principle. It is well known that the gravitational redshift associated with the Schwarzschild solution applied to the distant supernova does not lead to the observed redsift-distance relationship. We show, however, that generalizations of the Schwarzschild metric, the Taub-NUT metrics, do indeed lead to the observed redshift-distance relationship and to the observed time dilation. These universes are not expanding rather the observed cosmological redshift is due to the gravitational redshift associated with these solutions. Time dilation in these stationary universes has the same dependency on redshift that generally has been seen as proof that space is expanding. Our theory resolves the Hubble tension.