TITLE:
Clinicopathological Description of a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in a Dog
AUTHORS:
Maria Clara Boni Raffi, Giovanna Valverde Magalhães Barbosa, Alana Carolina Capais Rodrigues, Sheila Canevese Rahal, John P. Kastelic, Luíz Guilherme Dercore Benevenuto, Iolanda Simões Braga, Beatriz Poloni Batista, Felipe César Da Silva Brasileiro, Fernanda Barthelson Carvalho de Moura, Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães Okamoto, Regina Kiomi Takahira, Alessandra Melchert, Noeme Sousa Rocha
KEYWORDS:
Canine, Cancer, Neoplasia, Therapeutics
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine,
Vol.14 No.7,
July
8,
2024
ABSTRACT: Hematopoietic tumors are associated with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and a poor prognosis. Furthermore, their pathophysiology in dogs is not well understood. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been rarely reported in golden retrievers, perhaps due to difficulties in diagnosis and care. An 8-year-old spayed female golden retriever was referred to our hospital with a 2-month history of fatigue, weakness, and selective appetite. The dog was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on blood smear evaluation. Despite treatment, the dog deteriorated and the owners opted for euthanasia. Histopathological examination revealed atypical lymphocytes in the spleen, extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and liver, bone marrow depletion, moderate neutrophilic myocarditis, and acute renal tubular necrosis. In an immunohistochemical panel, cells in the spleen and bone marrow were positive for anti-CD20, anti-CD45, anti-CD3, anti-IBA-1, anti-Ki67, anti-MUM-1, and anti-PAX-5. In conclusion, the leukemia diagnosis was confirmed through reactive histiocytosis, marked extramedullary hematopoiesis, and other clinical and laboratory findings. Herein, we report a case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a female dog with clinical, laboratory, and necroscopy findings.