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Tscharntke, T., Clough, Y., Bhagwat, S. A., Buchori, D., Faust, H., Hertel, D., Hölscher, D., Juhrbandt, J., Kessler, M., Perfecto, I., Scherber, C., Schroth, G., Veldkamp, E., & Wanger, T. C. (2011). Multifunctional Shade-Tree Management in Tropical Agroforestry Landscapes—A Review. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 619-629.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01939.x

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: The Role of Certificates and Labels for Cocoa in the Face of Climate Change: A Scientific Review

  AUTHORS: Charles Hans Opoku

  KEYWORDS: Adaptation, Biophysical Environment, Climate Change, Cocoa Certificates, Environmental Social Governance, Geographical Indications, Mitigation

  JOURNAL NAME: American Journal of Climate Change, Vol.13 No.2, July 1, 2024

  ABSTRACT: Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.