TITLE:
INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon
AUTHORS:
Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi, Jacky Njiki-Bikoï, Esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Elsa Nguiffo Makue, André Chris Mikangue Mbongue, Koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne, Martha Mesembe, Justin Olivier Essindi, Aïcha Ngoutane, Arnaud Franck Elang, Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda, George Ikomey Mondinde, Eric Walter Perfura-Yone, Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi, Sara Honorine Riwom Essama
KEYWORDS:
Tuberculosis, Antituberculosis Treatment, INF-γ, IL-2, ELISA
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
Vol.12 No.2,
June
20,
2024
ABSTRACT: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.