TITLE:
Analyzing Oil Spill Dynamics along the Sudanese Coast Using Web GNOME Modeling
AUTHORS:
Mahmoud Elmahi, Giri Raj Kattel, Ibrahem M. Abdallah, Boufeniza Redouane Larbi, Monzer Hamadalnel, Chabi Nacira, El Rhadiouini Charafa, Yeboah Emmanuel, Ahmed Almahi
KEYWORDS:
Oil Spill, Web GNOME Model, ADIOS2 Model, Sudanese Coastlines, Red Sea
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.11 No.4,
April
30,
2024
ABSTRACT: Oil spills pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems, necessitating the development of accurate predictive models to assess their impact and guide emergency response efforts. This study investigates the potential consequences of oil spills along the Sudanese coast, using the Web GNOME model to simulate two hypothetical scenarios during the winter and summer. The analysis reveals the decisive influence of wind, water currents and temperature on oil spill paths and weathering processes. Winter simulations showed a worrying trend, with spilled oil reaching islands and beaches, while summer scenarios showed minimal risks due to relatively weak and variable wind patterns. We found that the evaporation rates exceeded 60% in both scenarios, while dispersion remained modest. Emulsification processes resulted in a significant increase in the water content in oil molecules within 120 hours of spill initiation. Although this study provides valuable insights into emergency response planning, limitations in the current models still hinder a comprehensive understanding of oil spill dynamics, particularly with respect to wave-induced fragmentation. Further research using diverse spill models is warranted to improve predictive capabilities and enhance response strategies in the Red Sea region. This study underscores the urgent need to take proactive measures to mitigate potential pollution impacts on Sudanese coastal areas and neighboring islands.