TITLE:
Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Migraine in Brazzaville
AUTHORS:
Motoula Latou Happhia Dinah Boubayi, Josue Diatewa, Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi, Ghislain Armel Mpandzou, Héloïse Stéphanie Ongoly Ikora, Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba, Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet
KEYWORDS:
Migraine, Clinic, Therapeutics, Brazzaville
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Neuroscience,
Vol.14 No.1,
February
29,
2024
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Migraine
is the most common primary headache, and can cause significant disability.
There are two types, migraine without aura and migraine with aura. The
diagnosis of migraine is essentially clinical. Worldwide prevalence was
estimated at 11.6% in 2009. In Africa, it is estimated at 10.4%. Objective: To
describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of migraine in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a door-to-door cross-sectional study conducted from 1st May to 1 st July
2018 in the city of Brazzaville. Subjects over 18 with clearly expressed
consent were included. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics,
diagnostic criteria for migraine according to the IHS, treatments taken. The
degree of disability was determined using the Migraine Disability Assessment
Scale (MIDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 for MAC. Results:
Of the 1017 subjects interviewed in this
study, 115 (39.9%) had migraine, including 73 women (63.47%) and 42 men
(36.52%). In the group of migraine sufferers, the number of cases of definite migraine was 61 (53.04%) and that of
probable migraine 54 (46.95%). For 81 migraine sufferers (70.43%),
stress was the triggering factor. The frequency of attacks was weekly and
monthly for 30 (26.1%) and 19 (16.5%) sufferers respectively. The location of
the migraine was unilateral in 38% of cases and tilted in 24.3%. The intensity
of the attack was described as moderate and severe in 41.7% and 57.4% of
subjects respectively. Phonophobia/photophobia accompanied the migraine in
65.2% of cases. One hundred and eight subjects were treated. Of these, 106
(98.1%) were on medication. Eleven (10.37%)
had received a medical prescription, and ninety-seven (89.8%) were
self-medicating. Five and three subjects were under the care of a general
practitioner and a neurologist respectively. Conclusion: Migraine is a
frequent pathology in Brazzaville. Its preponderance among young people and
women calls for the implementation of effective prevention strategies for these
already vulnerable social groups. The form without aura was the most common
type. Visual aura was the most common type. Headache-related symptoms were
dominated by phonophotophobia, followed by nausea and vomiting. Almost all
migraine sufferers were self-medicating, and very few were under the care of a
doctor. First-line analgesics and NSAIDs were the mainstay of treatment.