TITLE:
Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage (sICH) at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (CONGO)
AUTHORS:
Ekouele Mbaki Hugues Brieux, Ngoma Niangui Léocia Exaucée, Diatewa Josué Euberma, Boukaka Kala Rel Gerald, Ngackosso Olivier Brice, Mpandzou Ghislain Armel, Boukassa Léon, Ossou-Nguiet Paul Macaire
KEYWORDS:
Spontaneous Intracerebral haemorrhage, Management, Brazzaville
JOURNAL NAME:
Neuroscience and Medicine,
Vol.15 No.1,
February
5,
2024
ABSTRACT: Spontaneous
intracerebral haemorrhage
(sICH) is characterised by bleeding within the brain parenchyma, without any
accompanying vascular malformation, parenchymal abnormality or coagulation
disorder. The study aimed to depict the management of sICH at the University
Hospital of Brazzaville (UHB). It was
an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional analysis. Data collection
was conducted retrospectively, covering the period from January 1, 2020 to August
31, 2022, spanning two years and eight months. The
study examined socio-demographic,
diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary variables. We included 274 cases. We
observed 160 men (58.4%) and 114 women (41.6%), resulting in a sex ratio of 1.4. The mean age was 55.3 ± 11.4 years, with ages
ranging from 31 to 93 years. The detection of
sICH was typically a result of experiencing
motor deficits (59.5%) or disorders of consciousness (37.2%). The weightiness
of one half of the body was the most common reason for seeking
medical advice. Hematoma was capsulo-lenticular in 159 cases (58%) and
capsulo-thalamic in 63 cases (23%). Hematomas were 30 ml in 112 cases (40.9%), and associated with hydrocephalus in 11.7% of cases. Conservative medical treatment was
administered in 257 cases (94.2%) while surgical treatment was performed in 16
cases (5.8%). The surgical techniques used were external ventricular drainage
(EVD) in 2 cases, ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in 5 cases, and hematoma
evacuation in 10 cases. Death occurred before the 7th day of
hospitalisation in 73 cases (57.8%) and after in 46 cases (42.2%). The median
time to death was four days (Q1 = 2 days; Q3 = 7 days), with extremes of 0 and 216 days.