TITLE:
Retro Placental Hematoma: Maternal and Fetal Prognosis at the Maternity of the University Hospital of Bouake
AUTHORS:
Samake Yaya, Djanhan Lydie Estelle, Menin-Messou Benie Michele, Kouadio Kouadio Narcisse, Akanji Iburaima Alamun, M’bro Clausen Georgie, Boko Dagoun Dagbesse Elysee, Camara Sokhona, N’guessan Kouadio Ismael, Foua Bi Paul Hyacinthe, Keita Ismael, Vaho Magnificat Marina, Kone Minzata Yasmine, Doumbia Yacouba
KEYWORDS:
Retroplacental Haematoma, Lethality, Bouaké and Prognosis
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.14 No.1,
January
17,
2024
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Retroplacental haematoma
(RPH) is a very serious complication of pregnancy, with life-threatening consequences for both the mother and foetus.
The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and epidemiological
characteristics of patients with retroplacental haematoma (RPH) and describe
the maternal-foetal complications at Bouaké University Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional prospective, descriptive and analytical study
carried out at Bouaké University Hospital over a period of 3 years, from
January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. All parturients with RPH whose delivery
took place at the hospital were included in the study. Data were entered and
analysed using EPI INFO software version 7.2.2.6. Results: We recorded 2,0959 deliveries, including
202 cases of RPH, representing an incidence of 0.96%. The 21 to 35 age group
accounted for 64.4%, multigestas and large multigestas accounted for 58.5% and
multiparas accounted for 41.6%. The main signs on clinical examination were
metrorrhagia (100%), arterial hypertension (84.6%) and cervical cerclage (79.7%).
Preeclampsia accounted for 50% of per-gestational pathologies. Maternal
mortality was 12.9%. Morbidity was dominated by anaemia in 64.1%, followed by
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in 21.8%, and the factors associated with this
maternal prognosis were multiple gestations, multiparity, Sher grade IIIb and
the occurrence of complications such as DIC, shock, renal complications and
HELLP syndrome. Neonatal mortality was 79.2%, and the factors associated with
these fetal prognoses were cup size ≥ 5 cm and hematoma weight ≥ 500 g. Conclusion: Better screening of at-risk
populations, early diagnosis and treatment in an organised and equipped medical
and surgical facility would improve prognosis.