TITLE:
Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality at Hospital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO): A Study from 2017 to 2020
AUTHORS:
Nicaise Zagre, Ines Kinda, Abdoul Karim Ouattara, Paul Ouedraogo, Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon, Caroline Yonaba, Fla Koueta, Jacques Simpore
KEYWORDS:
Morbidity, Mortality, Newborns, Neonatology, HOSCO
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.14 No.1,
January
10,
2024
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Neonatal pathology remains a real public health problem in
developing countries. In Burkina Faso, this mortality has declined over the
last ten years but remains below compared to the Sustainable Development Goals,
which is 12 per 1000 living births at most by 2030. This study aims to identify
specific causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality and will contribute to the
implementation of preventive and curative measures aimed at reducing neonatal
mortality at HOSCO. Method: This was a retrospective study using the records
and database of newborns hospitalized from January 1srt, 2017 to December 31srt, 2020. Using
logistic regression, the factors associated with mortality were determined.
Results: During the study period, 3020 newborns
were hospitalized. Most newborns (83.71%) were referred by a peripheral health
facility. The average age at admission was 0.3 days ± 0.9 and the sex ratio was
1.2. Prematurity was the leading cause of hospitalization (61.13%) followed by neonatal infection (38.34%)
and neonatal suffering (23.88%). The mortality rate was 40.6% with 82.71% cases
of death in the early neonatal period. The main causes of death were low
birth weight (47.39%), respiratory distress
(18.76%), neonatal suffering (17.37%) and neonatal infection (13.87%).
Home delivery, gestational age 36 weeks,
number of PNC 4, concept of resuscitation, Apgar at the 5th minute 7, birth
weight 2000 g and >4000 g, respiratory distress, hypothermia, neurological
disorders were factors associated with deaths. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality
is influenced by both maternal and fetal factors and many of them are
preventable.