TITLE:
Efficacy of Botanicals on Parasitoids of Mango Fruit Flies in Burkina Faso
AUTHORS:
Rabieta Simde, Delphine Ouattara, Elias Mano, Georges Kambou, Georges Kambou, Souleymane Nacro
KEYWORDS:
Concentrations, Exposure, Mortality, Parasitoid, Formulations
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Entomology,
Vol.12 No.1,
January
8,
2024
ABSTRACT: The effect of Capsicum annuum and Strophantus hispidus formulations was evaluated on Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. The formulations were obtained from the crude total extracts of C. annuum; S. hispidus and the adjuvant previously developed. The formulations were prepared according to three concentrations of extracts of each plant species (low, medium and high). These concentrations were calculated on the basis of 1.5 mg/mL of each formulation causing 18% and 15% mortality respectively in Ceratitis cosyra within 72 h. The effect of the formulations on D. longicaudata was tested using a Fisher block design with 8 treatments (C. annuum (3.75; 7.5; 12.5 g/L); S. hispidus (4.5; 9; 15 g/L); Success bait 2.4 g/L; control) and 5 replicates. For each formulation, 1.5 mL was poured into a vial containing 0.25 g of cotton. Then 20 adults of the parasitoid were added and the whole was covered with muslin and held in place with rubber bands. The parasitoids were examined after 24 and 72 hours, and those that did not react to the touch of a fine brush were considered dead. The results showed a difference between the treatments. After 24 hours of exposure, the parasitoid showed high mortality at the S. hispidus concentrations (15 g/L; 4.5 g/L) followed by the Success bait. These concentrations resulted in mortality rates of 22.50% for S. hispidus and 20.50% for Success bait. After 72 h, low parasitoid mortality (35.81%) was obtained with 3.75 g/L C. annuum, but high mortality was observed with S. hispidus (59.95%; 64.20%; 57.15%) and Success bait (54.80%). The use of C. annuum formulations at 3.75 g/L could be recommended for conserving D. longicaudata in the nature.