TITLE:
Do Gendered Segregation and Wage Gaps in Mining Sector Matter? Case of Côte d’Ivoire
AUTHORS:
Melissa Atsin, Yao Silvère Konan, Felix Fofana N’Zue
KEYWORDS:
Extractive Sector, Gender Inequalities, Labor Market, Sectoral Segregation, Côte d’Ivoire
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Social Sciences,
Vol.11 No.12,
December
22,
2023
ABSTRACT: The extractive industries sector, due to its
economic potential and legislation favorable to large multinationals, has
boosted the growth of tertiary services and the creation of direct and indirect
jobs. Despite this, the growth generated by the extractive sector does not translate into
the effective participation of women and equal distribution of income between
men and women. The main objective of the paper is to examine the sectoral and
occupational segregation of jobs and wages in the Ivorian extractive sector. We
used two segregation indices widely used in the literature: The Duncan index
(ID) and the Karmel Maclachlan index (KM)
to measure Occupational segregation in Côte d’Ivoire. The data used was
obtained from the National Accounts produced by the National Institute of
Statistics of Cote d’Ivoire. The data cover the period ranging from 2004 to
2014 and relate to the number of employees broken down by socio-professional
category and gender, taking into account the Ivorian Classification of
Activities and Products (CIAP). We compare the trend of segregation over time
in whole economy and specifically in extractive sector. Also, we analyzed the segregation by sex and socio-professional
category and used the decomposition of the changes in segregation indices
calculated. Finally, we provide a benchmark between Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. Over the period 2004-2014, sectoral segregation was
more pronounced in the extractive sector, although it remained moderate in the
economy as a whole. Significant gender inequalities were correlated with the
period between the years of great crisis intensity (2002-2010). The effect of gender
composition is responsible for the persistence of segregation in the economy,
particularly in the extractive sector, given its sharp increase over the
decade. However, the mixed employment effect remains significant. Policy orientations
should be directed towards: 1) promoting skills development for women working in the extractive sector 2) promoting access to jobs in extractive industries by making it more
attractive to women.