TITLE:
Assessment of Accountable Care Organization Strategies: A Qualitative Approach
AUTHORS:
Amjaad Saleh Aljelban, Mariam Alerwi, Anwar Hamdi Alenazi, Mohammed S. Alsuwaidan, Salem Alsuwaidan
KEYWORDS:
Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs), National Transformation Program (NTP), Saudi Vision 2030, Primary Healthcare Center (PHC), Qualitative Study
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Business and Management,
Vol.12 No.1,
December
7,
2023
ABSTRACT: Accountable care organizations (ACOs) are becoming increasingly
popular in healthcare in order to improve quality, reduce costs, and enhance
patient outcomes. ACOs are an association of hospitals, healthcare providers
and insurers who assume financial and medical responsibility for a patient
population. In Saudi Arabia, the Ministry of Health (MOH) has been tasked with
delivering this strategy as part of “Vision 2030” for the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. Implementing ACO strategies is a complex process that requires careful
planning, collaboration, and effective communication among stakeholders.
Healthcare organizations need to establish a comprehensive framework that
includes the identification of relevant metrics, the development of care
management processes, the integration of technology, and the alignment of
incentives. One of the critical challenges in the implementation of ACO
strategies is ensuring that all stakeholders are aligned and committed to the
goals and objectives of the organization. Effective communication and
collaboration are essential to building trust and ensuring everyone works
together to achieve the same outcomes. Healthcare organizations need a robust
technology infrastructure and skilled data analysts and IT professionals to
identify trends and patterns in the data. The research was conducted with a
sample of eight senior strategic managers operating in Cluster One’s Riyadh
region. The study’s primary aim was to identify the ACO strategies that could
potentially enhance the delivery of healthcare services. The identified themes
were classified into five categories: 1) The greatest challenges facing
healthcare transformation; 2) The priorities that an ACO should concentrate on;
3) The changes in healthcare systems that would yield the greatest benefits for
ACOs; 4) How the ACOs contribute to enhancing the cost-effectiveness and
quality of healthcare services, as well as addressing the gaps in service
quality that exist within current healthcare systems; and 5) Factors and
consequences that will motivate the successful implementation of ACO. Implementing
the ACO strategies will likely result in various benefits, such as enhanced
healthcare quality, financial viability, optimized operational efficiency, and
increased patient satisfaction, among other advantages. ACOs can benefit from
integrating staff, electronic data, and patient-centered care, improving
resource utilization, health management, and providing cost-effective, quality
healthcare. Factors such as capitation funding, mega electronic health care,
high-level alignment and communication, and value-based compensation can
motivate a successful implementation of
ACOs. The successful implementation of ACOs requires financial support,
culture transparency, and transformation.