TITLE:
Stratified Prophylaxis of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Surgical Patients Based on Caprini Risk Assessment: A Pilot Study
AUTHORS:
Jiaojiao Gu, Miaoxia Chen, Ling Zou, Xia Lin, Zhaolan Ou, Xiaoqing Huang, Chunxiao Luo, Yexiang Yang
KEYWORDS:
DVT, VTE, Caprini, Prophylaxis
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Nursing,
Vol.13 No.11,
November
16,
2023
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUD: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) including DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE)
can be a devastating complication in postoperative patients which is also
considered the most likely to be prevented. The proper assessment and effective
identification of high risk factors of DVT are the basis for its prevention. We
used the
Caprini risk assessment model (Caprini RAM) based on many researches about the
validation of DVT risk assessment model, and combined the recommendations
reported in American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical
Practice Guidelines (9th) and Chinese Orthopaedics Association guideline, to
give surgical patients stratified prophylaxis. STUDY DESIGN: Between
April 2016 and December 2016, we conducted a controlled trial study in 4
surgical departments including Gynecology Department, Joint Surgery, Spinal
Surgery and Urology Surgery. 764 patients were included in control group, and
772 patients were included in intervention group. We used the original
assessment and prevention methods in control group, while applied the stratified
prophylaxis based on Caprini risk assessment level in intervention group. The
incidence of DVT was analyzed using chi-square test, while patients’ hospital
day was analyzed by independent t-tests. RESULTS: There was significantly difference in incidence rate
of DVT between the two groups (13.09‰ vs. 2.59‰, P 0.05). Most of the surgical patients were with moderate or
high-risk (64.93%). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses could identify DVT risk factors
in surgical patients using the Caprini risk assessment scale, and apply
targeted stratified prophylaxis according to risk level. This model makes DVT
risk assessment and intervention process more standardized and effective. It can also reduce
incidence rate of DVT significantly.