TITLE:
Efficacy of Plant Extracts on Morphology and Cultural Characteristics of Bipolaris sorokiniana, Causing Black Point Disease of Wheat in Bangladesh
AUTHORS:
Dilruba Yesmin, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, F. M. Aminuzzaman, Md. Monirul Islam
KEYWORDS:
Bipolaris sorokiniana, Black Point, Botanicals, Wheat
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.14 No.10,
October
31,
2023
ABSTRACT: Black point of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) is very
destructive disease of wheat in Bangladesh and all over the world. The symptoms
of diseases caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana can vary depending on the
host plant and environmental conditions. The conidia of Bs germinate from two
poles, which differ physiologically as indicated by the rate, growth character,
of length, breadth and number of septa on different media. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected plant extracts on the morphology
and cultural characteristics of the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana causing
black point disease in wheat crops in Bangladesh. The efficacy of fifteen plant
extracts on the growth and characteristics of Bs was conducted in vitro in 2019-2020. The treatments were: Untreated control, T1—Black berry Leaves, T2—Guava
Leaves, T3—Lantena camera leaves, T4—Eucalyptus Leaves, T5— Turmeric Leaves, T6—Khoksha Leaves, T7—Papaya
leaves, T8-Gurlic Bulb, T9—Chili dust, T10—Nigella
seeds, T11—Turmeric dust, T12—Cloves, T13— Bohera fruits, T14—Black pepper and T15—Neem
leaves. After 15 days of inoculation of Bipolaris sorokiniana, colony
color and shapes were Gerrish blackish, greenish blackish, greyish blackish and
shapes were round or irregular. In our study, conidia color was dark brown to
light brown, conidiophore color was brown, dark brown, grayish brown, dark
olivaceous, light brown and conidia shapes were elliptical, oblong or slightly
curved. The septation of conidia was 2 - 5 and
highest septation was seen in T4 and T14 treatments. The
highest conidial length was 17.79 μm
recorded in T2 treatment and lowest was 6.62 μm T9 treatment where conidial breath was 8.27 μm in
control and lowest was 3.79 μm in T8 treatment. Mycelial growth rate
of Bipolaris sorokiniana was different
in different treatments in different days after inoculation (DAI) where at 7
DAI, % reduction of mycelial growth over control was highest in Bohera and Neem
Leaves treatments respectively.