TITLE:
Phytosanitary Practices and Pesticide Levels in Fresh and Dried Mangoes Produced in Burkina Faso
AUTHORS:
Alain Gustave Yaguibou, Souleymane Zio, Bakary Tarnagda, François Tapsoba, Soumaila Konaté, Fulbert Nikiema, Aly Savadogo
KEYWORDS:
Phytosanitary Problems, Orchards, Mangoes, Pesticides, Burkina Faso
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.14 No.6,
June
26,
2023
ABSTRACT: Pesticides are used to control fruit flies and other
potential crop pests, particularly mango in Burkina Faso. Pesticides are a
potential health hazard for users and consumers and are a major constraint to the export and commercialization of mangoes. The
objective of this study was to evaluate phytosanitary practices in orchards and
pesticide residue levels in four varieties of fresh and dried mangoes (Amelie,
Brooks, Kents and Lippens) produced in four localities in Burkina Faso in order
to determine their health impact on consumers. Surveys on pesticide use and monitoring of
phytosanitary practices were carried out among 16 orchard owners in the localities of
Bobo-Dioulasso, Orodara, Toussiana and Banfora, a high mango production area.
Also, a total of 120 samples, including 60 samples of fresh mangoes and dried
60 samples of dried mango were collected. A multi-residue method was developed
to detect pesticide levels in the collected samples by gas chromatography with
a micro-electron capture detector. The study revealed the use of unauthorized pesticides,
often specifically for other crops, and a monitoring trapping network in the
orchards against insects. 34 chemical pesticides were detected in 120 samples
of all mango varieties collected. Pesticide residues were detected in 72% of
the samples, and of the positive samples, 48.52% contained concentrations above
the maximum residue limit permissibility. Organochlorine pesticide residues
were present in fresh mangoes (60.5%) and a total of fifteen active compounds
were detected in dried mangoes. The very poor management and use of pesticides found in these orchards
could pose a threat to the productivity of natural ecosystems and the health of
producers, processors and consumers. Awareness raising and training of
producers on the knowledge of the risks linked to the use of pesticides and
good practices are necessary to preserve the health of all.