TITLE:
Nipah Virus: A Zoonotic Virus Transmitted from Bats and Pigs, Causing an Epidemic in Southeast Asia
AUTHORS:
Hongting Lin
KEYWORDS:
Nipah Virus, Zoonotic Transmission, Ephrin-B2, Ephrin-B3, Viral Outbreaks, Clinical Outcomes, Animal Reservoir
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Infectious Diseases,
Vol.13 No.2,
June
14,
2023
ABSTRACT: Nipah Virus (NiV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, is one of the most infectious zoonotic viruses in Southeast Asia. First recorded in Malaysia in 1998, the NiV outbreak infected hundreds of people, with an almost 50% death rate. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with contaminated subjects and infecting the human respiratory system. Ephrin B2 and B3, the surface glycoproteins on the host cell, have been the primary and the most effective route for viral entrance. Binding with viral surface G protein, the F protein triggers, enabling viral-host fusion. Until now, NiV vaccines are not yet available in the public market, however, preventions such as avoiding direct contact and masking are advised.