TITLE:
Some Haematological Parameters in Primary Hypertensive Subjects Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Eledo Benjamin Onyema, Akanno Kelechi, Ajugwo Anslem, Onuoha Emmanuel Chinedu
KEYWORDS:
Hypertension, Haematological Parameters, Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Blood Diseases,
Vol.13 No.2,
June
6,
2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Hypertension is a persistent elevation of blood pressure in the arteries
which if not properly managed can lead to stroke, heart failure, atrial
fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease and other life threatening outcomes.
This study investigated some haematological parameters of Primary hypertensive
subjects. Objectives: To compare some haematological parameters (haematocrit, haemoglobin
concentration, Platelets count, White Blood Cells count, red blood cell count
and Red Cells Indices between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from 76 known hypertensive subjects between
30 - 70 years attending the Cardiology clinic of the University of Abuja
Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada. Another 37 normotensive subjects between 30 - 65
years served as the control. All subjects gave their consents. Platelets count,
Haemoglobin estimation, Packed Cell Volume, Red Blood Cell Count, Mean Cell
Volume, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration and White
Blood Cell count were determined using Mythic 22 five parts haematology
analyzer. Results: Results for Hypertensive and Control subjects were, White Blood Cell,
5.76 ± 1.45 × 109/l and 4.76 ± 1.03 × 109/l, Platelet
count, 248.7552.45 × 109/l and 284.95 ± 27.66 × 109/l,
Mean Cell Volume, 91.81 ± 3.05 fl and
85.68 ± 6.48 fl, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, 30.59 ± 1.04 pg and
27.922 ± 2.74 pg, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration, 33.34 ± 0.61 g/dl
and 32.32 ± 0.93 g/dl, Red Blood Cell, 4.33 ± 0.39 × 109/l and 4.50 ± 0.52 × 109/l,
Packed Cell Volume, 39% ± 3.15% and 40% ± 4.41% and Haemoglobin, 13.21 ± 1.10 g/dl
and 13.50 ± 1.63 g/dl respectively. Mean Cell Volume, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, Mean Cell
Haemoglobin Concentration (Red cells indices) were significantly higher in
hypertensive compared to normotensive subjects (P 0.05), total White Blood Cell count was also higher in hypertensive than
normotensive but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, Platelet
counts, Red Blood Cell, Packed Cell Volume and Haemoglobin were significantly
lower in hypertensive compared to normotensive (P 0.05). All the parameters were within established reference ranges for
the age and sex of the subjects. Our findings show that hypertension may lead
to haematological derangement, if not
properly managed. Conclusively, haematological
parameters can be used to monitor the prognosis of the disease and manage
hypertensive related complications. It is important to assess haematological
parameters for hypertensive individuals which may help to prevent complications
associated with haematological disorders.