TITLE:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dilated Cardiomyopathy among Yemeni Patients with Heart Failure
AUTHORS:
Mohammed Ali Al-Huthi, Dhaifullah Jayed, Salah Alshwki, Hadi Mujlli, Mohammed Al-Dholae, Abdulsalam Almkdad
KEYWORDS:
Dilated, Cardiomyopathy, Heart Failure, Yemen
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.10 No.5,
May
25,
2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart muscle disease of an undefined cause that commonly presents as congestive cardiac failure. The etiology of weakness of the heart muscle is often unknown, but many causal factors had been identified. Aim: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of DCM in heart failure patients in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen, and identify the risk factors associated with DCM among heart failure patients in Dhamar Governorate. Method: A prospective hospital-based observational study was undertaken during the period of 20 December 2021 to 20 January 2022 in two hospitals namely AL-Wahda Teaching Hospital and Taiba Consultative Hospital. After obtaining informed consent from the patients and their treating physicians, all patients diagnosed with heart failure were included in the study. A standardized questionnaire developed by the researcher was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics of patients; results of clinical, laboratory and radiography exams were recorded. Results: The prevalence of DCM among HF patients is 44%, which makes it the most common cause of heart failure. Ischemic heart disease follows as the second most common cause at 27%. Qat chewing was a major risk factor in 72%, HTN in 60%, smoking in 49%, DM in 32%, family history in 29%, and pregnancy in 2%. Male was affected more than female in 61%, and dyspnea was the most common presenting symptom in 96% of cases mostly (NYHA CLASS IV). Conclusion: This study about prevalence of DCM among HF patients registry for 100 cases (male, female), age group more than 16 years, duration from 20 December 2021 to 20 January 2022 in Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital and Taiba Consultative Hospital, Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Our study findings show that DCM is the most prevalent cause of heart failure among all other causes, with a prevalence of 44%. Additionally, in our study, several risk factors were identified among the patients with heart failure, including chewing Qat, smoking, irregular treatment for diabetes, family history, and pregnancy.