TITLE:
Etiological and Radiological Profile of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections during the Pre-COVID Period in the Paediatric Ward of the Teaching Hospital of Mali and in the Community Health Centre of Yirimadio in Bamako
AUTHORS:
Bourama Kané, Mariam Maiga, Oumou Koné, Korotoumou Wélé Diallo, Aboubacar Sangaré, Mody Abdoulaye Camara, Mariam Doumbia, Abdoul Karim Sangaré, Bréhima Traoré, Lassine G. Timbiné, Ibrahima Cissé, Ahmadou I. Dramé, Bréhima Kouriba
KEYWORDS:
Lower Respiratory Infections, Etiologies, Children, Mali
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.13 No.2,
March
27,
2023
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Every year, nearly 4 million people pass away from acute respiratory infections.
98% of such deaths are due to lower respiratory tract infections. Even though studies
have been carried on lower respiratory infections x-ray aspects in Mali, very few
studies have been done to reveal bacteriological and virological evidence of this
disease. Materials and methods: It is about a descriptive prospective study
carried out from January to December 2018 having involved patients of all ages,
coming for medical consultation at the Yirimadio Community-based health center as
well as children from 6 months to 15 years old coming at the pediatric department of UHC Hôpital du Mali for
a lower respiratory infection. They had all undergone chest X-ray and a PCR. The
purpose: of this work is to study etiological and x-ray aspects of acute lower respiratory infections at the Yirimadio
Community-based Health Center and at the UHC pediatric department of Hôpital du
Mali. Findings: From January to December 2018, we recorded a frequency of 1.19%.
The age group 0 - 5 years was the most represented
(64.5%) with a sex ratio of 0.97 for women. Cough was the most common clinical sign
(98.7%) followed by fever (58.9%). Standard frontal chest X-ray was pathological
in 70% of our patients. It was bronchitis in 75.4% of cases, pneumonia (13.5%),
and bronchopneumonia (12.3%). PCR positive was
in 83.9% of patients. It revealed a co-infection in more than half of the
patients (52.5%), bacterial infection (16.1%) and viral infection (15.2%). Pathogens
isolated ranked by frequency were Streptococcus pneumoniaa (87.6%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.9%) and human rhinovirus (17%). The most common viral
causes were human rhinovirus (17%), followed
by influenza A and B virus (7%) and human parainfluenza virus (7%). Conclusion: It stemed from the study that lower respiratory infections were mainly due to Streptococcus pneumonea and human rhinovirus during pre-COVID at the
Yirimadio Community-based health center and UHC Hôpital du Mali.