TITLE:
Profile of the Blood Count among People Living with HIV Monitored at the Institute of Social Hygiene and the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar
AUTHORS:
Faye Cheikh Ibrahima, Coly Mame Ngoné, Makalou Demba, Sène Abdoulaye, Sall Abibatou, Touré Awa Oumar, Ly Fatouamata
KEYWORDS:
Blood Count, Abnormalities, Antiretroviral Treatment, PLHIV
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Blood Diseases,
Vol.12 No.4,
December
30,
2022
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the
World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly
managed, it can be responsible for several
complications, including abnormal blood counts. These abnormalities may also be
related to treatment. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to
show that adequate antiretroviral therapy can correct various abnormalities
exerted by HIV on patients’ blood counts. The specific objective is to determine all the abnormalities we can see in blood count before and during HIV
treatment. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted in the
hematology laboratory and the dermatology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec
Hospital and the Institute of Social Hygiene. It took place from December 2009
to October 2011. It is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study
involving HIV-positive patients (HIV 1 and 2) and under
antiretroviral treatment (at least six months of treatment). We included 110
patients in the study. Blood counts were performed at the hematology laboratory
of the Aristide le Dantec hospital using a KX21 automaton. Each patient
received three blood counts during the first six months of treatment (M0, M3 and M6). A univariate analysis was performed to determine
the profile of the abnormalities of the blood count and the chi 2 test was used
and a threshold of p 0.05 was considered
significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 8.6 years
(extremes of 18 and 64 years) with a sex ratio of 0.42 (77 females and 33
males). The prevalence of anemia was 80% (n = 88) at M0, 53, 63% at M3 (n = 59), and 38.20% at M6 (n = 42) (p =
0.02). We noted a favorable evolution with treatment. For the other
abnormalities, the evolution was favorable for leukopenia (p = 0.011) and
thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study showed a correction
of blood count abnormalities in PLHIV with antiretroviral treatment.