TITLE:
Morbidity, Mortality and the Impact of Climate on the Evolution of Acute Rotavirus Diarrhea in Children under 5 Years Old in Bangui
AUTHORS:
Olivier Brice Bogning Mejiozem, Sylvère Tenehombi-Koyangbo, Lonela Gouandjika, Vodie Pierrette Kakouguere, Emmanuel Nakoune, Gody Jean Chrysostome
KEYWORDS:
Diarrhea, Rotavirus, Children, Climate, Bangui
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.12 No.4,
August
19,
2022
ABSTRACT: Background:Rotavirus is the most common
pathogen of severe acute diarrhea in children under five years of age
worldwide. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the
morbidity and mortality of rotavirus diarrhea while describing the seasonal
kinetics of the infection according to climatic parameters in Bangui. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted
from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 in
the Central African Republic (CHUPB). The health data were recorded and processed with the Access 2019 software, then
analyzed with the STATA version 14 software. The climatic trends in the study
area and its seasonal variations were highlighted by the monthly rainfall
coefficient of Alfred Angot: Cm = 12 Pm/P. Results: Morbidity
was 45.99% of cases. The 1 to 12 months old represented 93.81% of cases. The
mean age of the children was 6.8 months, the sex ratio was 1.20. The
symptomatic triad was diarrhea (100%), vomiting
(90.20%) and fever (87.5%). Moderate dehydration was reported in 81.05% of cases. The main genotype combinations
found were P[8]G1 in 34.02% (n = 115/338), P[6]G1 in 21.59% (n = 73/338) and P[6]G2
in 16.86% (n = 57/338). Case fatality was 11.45%. The risk of death was
influenced by rural origin, severe dehydration, hypovolemic cloc and duration
of hospitalization > 5 days. Low rainfall correlated with the highest rates of rotavirus diarrhea.
Likewise, high temperature correlated with the highest
number of cases of rotavirus diarrhea. Conclusion: Acute rotavirus
diarrhea is an important morbidity and mortality issue in children under 5
years old in Bangui.