TITLE:
Assessing the Effects of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Groundwater Recharge in a Sudano-Sahelian Zone: Case of Koda Catchment, Mali, West Africa
AUTHORS:
Oumou Diancoumba, Adama Toure, Ibrahima Daou, Seriba Konare, Taoufik Hermassi, Mohamed Kotti, Hamadoun Bokar, Nourredine Galoul, Zoubeida Bargaoui
KEYWORDS:
LULC Change, Groundwater Recharge, Gardenia Model, GIS, Koda Catchment, Mali
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection,
Vol.10 No.8,
August
18,
2022
ABSTRACT: Groundwater is the main source of water in the studied area; therefore,
it is significantly requested in all the activities of the inhabitants. These
natural resources are affected by some drivers especially Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Climate Change. A Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) dynamics study
is crucial for any global environmental change evaluation. For instance, for a
given place, its change could affect considerably water cycle components.
Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of LULC on groundwater recharge is then
the key in water resources management system, in particular for the decision
makers of the Koda Catchment where the scarcity of the water availability for
agriculture is real. The spatiotemporal variation of the different units of
LULC present in the catchment has been examined in this study. The Envi 4.5 Software coupled with ArcGIS using the Supervised
Classification method, was applied
to subset Landsat images from 1990 to 2016. Five (5) major LULC categories,
cultivated land, bare land, herbaceous savannah, shrubby savannah and
degraded savannah, were identified in the catchment. In a parallel direction, the groundwater recharge has been estimated
through the conceptual Gardenia model for the same period 1990-2016. The
results showed that the portion of cultivated land and bare land increased (14.9%
and 23.5% respectively) while, the portion of
savannah decreased: herbaceous savannah by 24.4%, degraded savannah by 10.32% and Shrubby Savannah by 3.6%. Savannah
areas in Koda catchment is converted to agricultural land and urban area due to
human activities. The decline of 8.4% in groundwater recharge might become so
far obvious in the future if the current rate of deforestation continues in the Koda catchment. There is a need to closely monitor the changes
in LULC for sustainable development. The results of this study could help to
well understand the recharge pattern across Koda catchment under a changing LULC.