TITLE:
Hemorrhages in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: Etiological Aspect and Management at the Maternity Ward of the Ignace Deen National Hospital of the University Hospital of Conakry
AUTHORS:
Fatoumata Bamba Diallo, Elhadj Mamoudou Bah, Massa Keita, Mamadou Sanoussy Barry, Abdoul Aziz Balde, Mamadou Dian Balde, Ibrahima Sory Balde, Telly Sy
KEYWORDS:
Pregnancy, First Trimester Hemorrhage, Etiologies, Management, Ignace Deen, Guinea
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.12 No.8,
August
12,
2022
ABSTRACT: Aims: Hemorrhages in the first trimester of pregnancy
constitute a public health problem in developing countries with
maternal mortality which is still very high. This is the most common reason for
consultation in early pregnancy. The objectives of this study were to describe
the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, identify the etiologies,
describe the management and evaluate the maternal prognosis in patients
presenting with hemorrhage in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This was a descriptive-type prospective study lasting 12 months from
January 1 to December 31, 2020, carried out at the maternity ward of Ignace
Deen National Hospital. Results: During the study period, we recorded 163 cases of hemorrhage in the
first trimester of pregnancy out of 5478 deliveries, i.e. a frequency of 2.97%. The main
incriminated etiologies were spontaneous abortion (46.62%), ectopic pregnancy
(28.22%), hydatidiform mole (16.56%), threatened abortion (5.52%) and pregnancy
stopped (3.06%). The socio-demographic profile of the patients was that of a
woman in the age group of 26 - 30 years
(33.12%), married (79.14%), with secondary level (35.58%), exercising a liberal
profession (36.19%) and nulliparous (60.12%). More than
half of the patients came directly from
home (57.66%) with metrorrhagia (44.78%) and abdominal pain (33.12%) as reasons
for consultation. The gestational age between 7-11SA was more
represented (82.82%). Manual intrauterine aspiration (58.89%) and salpingectomy (28.22%) were the most practiced
therapeutic procedures. We transfused
10.42% of patients and 20.85% received medical treatment. The maternal prognosis was good in 47.87%. The main
complications recorded were anemia (38.65%) and the state of shock (10.42%). Conclusion: Hemorrhages
in the first trimester of pregnancy represent an important cause of maternal
morbidity in developing countries. The improvement of the maternal prognosis
would pass by the early consultation in front of any case of pregnancy.